The NAACP is the oldest and most widely-recognized grassroots-based civil rights organization. It formed in 1909 in response to the 'continuing horrific practice of lynching and the 1908 race riot in Springfield' (Illinois), and set as its principle objectives 'to ensure the political, educational, social and economic equality of minority group citizens of United States and eliminate race prejudice'.Among its members is W.E.B. Du Bois, who would go on to found The Crisis, a quaterly magazine that acts as a 'forum for discussing critical issues confronting people of color', as well as publishing the historical and cultural achievements of African American peoples. In 2012, it listed among its policy priorities the need to establish a 'Commission to Study the Reparations Proposals for African Americans' in line with John Conyer's H.R.40 Bill.
